A disproportionate slice of those 15 million were first handed the prescription during H. pylori treatment and have simply never been taken off.
Short term, during your antibiotic course, the PPI earned its place. It raised gastric pH so the antibiotics could actually reach the bacteria. The original FDA approval covered use up to 14 days.
The average post-eradication patient stays on it for more than three years.
Long-term PPI use has been associated, in large peer-reviewed observational cohorts, with measurably higher rates of chronic kidney disease (JAMA Internal Medicine, 2016), dementia (JAMA Neurology, 2016), bone fractures (the FDA added a fracture warning to the label in 2010), and severe deficiencies in B12, magnesium, calcium, iron, and zinc.
There is a reason for that last one. The same acid the drug suppresses is the acid your body uses to absorb those nutrients. It is also the acid that keeps your gut microbes in their lanes. It is also the acid whose rhythmic signals tell your stomach lining to renew itself every few days.
Quiet the acid long enough, and you quiet the renewal.
Then there is the exit ramp nobody tells you about. The day you stop a PPI you have been on for months, your acid pumps come back online at a higher level than baseline. The research calls it rebound acid hypersecretion. One landmark trial put healthy, previously-asymptomatic volunteers on an eight-week PPI course.
When they stopped, 44% of them developed new heartburn, reflux, or dyspepsia within two months. The placebo arm saw 15%.
If you are a post-H. pylori patient, that rebound feels exactly like your infection coming back. It isn't. It is the medication leaving. And because it feels like relapse, most patients reach for the bottle, refill the prescription, and quietly lock the cycle in for another year.
None of this is an argument to stop your PPI today. It is an argument to have a specific conversation with the doctor who prescribed it. (A conversation a growing number of gastroenterologists are now initiating on their own, under the clinical header "safe deprescribing of chronic PPI therapy where appropriate.")
You were not supposed to be on a 14-day drug for three years. You are not imagining the trap. You are standing inside it.
And once you have started to suspect the PPI loop, you usually end up in the same next place almost every post-eradication patient ends up.